Loom and method of weaving double-pile fabrics



Nov. 13, -1922s.

H. HOWARD LOOM AND METHOD 0F WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS 4 Sheets-Sheet J@ 5/ 5 fag-Z3 Z4 i ATZORNEES.'

Filed May 5 1927 Nov. 13, 19218.

H. HOWARD LOOM AND METHOD OF WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS MYSQL@ l F Nov. 1-3, 192s.v

Filed May 5, 1927 4 sheets-Sheet, 5

INVENTOR ATTORNEY afm Nov. 13, 1928.

H. HOWARD LOOM AND METHOD OF WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS Filed May 5. 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet4 4 IN V EN TOR. y(

A TTORNEYS.

Patented Nov. 13, 1928.

UNITED STATES i 1,691,194 PATENT OFFICE.

- HENRY HOWARD, OF SEYMOUR, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOB T0 TINGUE MANUFACTUR- ING- COMPANY, OF SEYMOUR, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

LOOM AND METHOD OF WEAVING DOUBLE-PILE FABRICS.

Application led May 8,

This invention relates to pile weaving in which two fabrics are woven, at the same time, face to face, so as `to produce two fabrics with uncut ile warp loops in the face of each finishedp fabric, and more particularly to the weaving of fabrics, such as linen frize. The pile loops of such fabrics have usually been woven about cross wires, the wires being inserted vat right angles to the warp, and thereafter withdrawn. In accordance .with the invention the use of cross wires is avoided and the weft threads'of the fabrics when used to form a pile, are inserted above and below stationary, vertically rigid ribbons, extending in the direction of the vwarp threads about. which weft threads the pile loops are formed, the 'said pilev weft being readily and easily withdrawn from t-he finished fabrics. The weaving interruptedly continued.

One of the objects of my invention is to `provide vertically incompressible, stationary means above and below which and intermediate its ends the fabrics are woven, the said means being adapted to separate the is thus unv fabrics, one from the other, and being also adapted toV form the base of the sheds when the pile warp threads are weaving the pile loops and to serve as a stop and support for the pile weft threads passed thru the said sheds, the height of the said means thereby determining the height of the pile loops of 4the respective fabrics.

Another object of the invention is to provide means including two shuttles whereby the pile loops of the fabrics Whose ground wefts are inserted by one shuttle, receive a pile weft thread from the other shuttle. The pile loops of each fabric issue disconnected from each other. The pile wefts are also unconnected across the fabric to the ground wefts of the same fabric, the only connection` loops.

Another object of the invention is to provide means, whereby the selvage connections of the loose pick pile wefts of one fabric and the ground wefts of the opposing fabric are formed in a loop transverse to the plane of the weft threads, together with means for 1927. Serial No. 188,492.

severing the loops so formed, thus parting the twoVA cloths and permitting the loose pick pile wefts to be readily and easilyv withdrawn as by hand from the pile loops of the fabrics.

lVith the above and other objects in view,

left hand end of the figure being enlarged,

the pile weft and corresponding ground weft for the upper fabric,vabout to be woven being shown in dotted circles.

FigureQ, is a diagrammatic view of the loom when performing the same operationsy for the lower fabric.

Figure 3, is an enlarged diagrammatic view of the fabrics, sho-wing the cloth separating ribbons and the method of weaving the fabrics. f

Figure 4, is an enlarged detail view showing the position of the threads when weaving the pile loop and weft thread for the lower fabric and the corresponding ground.

Figure 5, is a diagrammatic view showing the two series of pile loops without showing the ground of the fabrics.

Figure 6, is a top plan view showing the distribution of the threads, the ribbons and the temple and cutter.

yFigure 7, is a perspective view of the ribbons passing` thru the notcher bar, which prevents the ribbons from twisting.

Figure 8, is a horizontal section showing the heddles and their threads.

Figure 9, is a diagrammatic view of thc loom showing the binder threads.

Figure 10, is a. perspective view showing the formation of the transverse loops in the pile weft thread.

Figure ll, is a side elevation showing the transverse loops of the pile weft threads during the cutting operation.

Figue l2. is a perspective view of the finger and temple` showing the loops in the pile weft threads, sliding along the finger of the temple.

It will be understood that the invention liu y merely show two series of ground warp threads and one series of pile warp threads foreach fabric.v The numberV of pile or ground threads may be varied. The threads used in the weaving and theweaving sheds are designated by reference letters and reference numerals are applied to the various parts 0f the loom illustrated.

Suitable tensioning means and let-olf beams (not shown) are provided for the respective warp threads. Groundwarp threads A, B, for the top fabric are vshown passing over guiding roller l, and about guiding roller 2, and linen pilewarp threads C, for the upper cloth, are shown passing about guiding roller 3. Ground warp threads D, E, and linen pile warp thread F, for the lower fabric pass about guiding rollers 4, and 5, respectively, see Figures 1 and 2.

A series of heddles is provided for each series of ground warp threads and each series of pile warp threads, of the respective fabrics. In Figures 1 and 2, however, only one heddle of the series is shown for one thread of the series. As illustrated in these figures, upper ground warp thread A, passes thru the eye 6 in heddle 7, upper ground warp thread B,

passes thru eye 8 in heddle 9, lower ground warp thread D, passes thru eye 10 in heddle 11 and lower ground thread E', thru eye 12, in heddle 13. Upper pile warp thread C, passes thru the eye 14, in heddle 15, and lower pile warp thread F, passes thru eye 16 in heddle 17. In the same manner the respective threads pass thru the eyes of their heddles, across the cloth, as shown in Figure 8, where the same numbers are employed for corresponding parts, the arrow indicating the direction of travel ofthe cloth.

' Each series of heddles, carrying the threads,

is provided with its separate harness frame (not shown) and is operated by suitable mechanism (not shown) such as cams, in vaccordance with the weave desired.

A reed 18, upon a swinging lay 19, is provided, .the reed having dents 20. v The warp threads pass from the eyes in the heddles, thru the dents 20 of the reed 18, and forwardf toward the breast beam 21 of the loom.

. Means are provided above and below and intermediate the ends of which theI two fabrics are woven face to face. The said means separate the fabrics from each other, and form the base of the sheds when the pile threads are weaving the pile loops of the two fabrics, and serve as a stop and support for the ile weft threads, passing thru said sheds. Tllfe height of the said means which is greater than their width determines the height of the pile loops df the respective cloths. These means also serve as a race for the upper shuttle when the pile weft for the pile loops of the lower fabric is being thrown.

As shown in the drawings, these means consist of a series of stationary, vertically incompressible, metallic ribbons 22. See figures 1 to 8. e The ribbons 22 are so constructed that they will not give and will not compress during the weaving operations. Each ribbon 22, is provided at one end with an eye 23, by which it is anchored to a transverse bar 24.

Means are provided to prevent twisting of the ribbons about their longitudinal axes. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated, a cross bar 25, is provided at the front of the transverse bar 24, and near the heddles of the loom. The bar 25, is provided with a series of uniformly spaced notches 26, throughout its length. The ribbons 22, pass from their anchorage in the transverse bar 24, and respectively thru the notches 26, in the cross bar 25, forward between the heddles, and are of a thin width permitting them to pass freely thru the dents 20 in the reed 18 (see particularly Fig. 6). The ribbons 22, extend forward of the reed and their free ends 22 extend beyond the fells of the fabrics, so that the fabrics are woven above and below and intermediate the ends of the ribbons.

The notches 26, in the bar 25, are made of a size corresponding to the width and height of the ribbons 22, thus holding the ribbons stationary and unyielding sothat they will not twist. The number of notches in bar 25, corresponds to the number of dents 20, in reed 18, and the notches and dents are in registering relation, so that the ribbons may pass thru the dents, of the reeds (see Fig. 6) being thin enough to allow the reed to pass back and forth freely along them in 1ts beating-up' operation, withouty interference. The transverse bar 24 and the notches 26 in the cross bar 25, hold the ribbons from twisting and buckling the dents in the reed.

The ribbons thus extend lengthwise of and between the two fabrics and parallel to the path of travel of the fabrics thru the loom, thus separating one fabric from the other.

The height of the vertically incompressible, stationary ribbons 22, determines the height of the pile loops of the respective fabrics.

`The ribbons 22, are suitably spaced, across thew'idth of the cloth to permitthe passage of the pile warp threads between them and above and below them in the weaving method, hereinafter described. It is` only necessary to supply a sufficient number of ribbons to form a suitable race for the upper shuttle and a support for the pile weft threads thrown by the shuttle.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated, one .ribbon is provided for every other notch and passes thru alternative dents 20 of the reed 18 (see Figure 6.).

When reeds having dents of different sizes l and numbers are used, the notched bar and of the ribbons.

ribbons are correspondingly changed.

Means are provided for weaving the two fabrics face to face above and below and intermediate the ends of the ribbons.

As illustrated, (see Figs. 1l and 2 two. shuttles are provided. One shuttle 2 operates above and the other shuttle 28, operates below, and both operate intermediate the ends The lower shuttle 28, is ada ted to pass a weft thread Gr, thrupile she P, formed, as hereinafter described, below the ribbons 22 (sce Figure l),y andthe upper shuttle 27, is adapted to pass a weft thread H, thru pile shed P', suitably formed above the ribbons 22, see Figure 2. When a pile loop for the upper cloth, witharr inserted pile weft, is to be woven, the heddles 15, carry pile warp threads C, thruthe space between the ribbons 22, and below the ribbons (see Fig. 1), so that the pile threads C, and the ribbons 22, fo-rm a shed P, thru which the lower shuttle 28, passes weft thread G. After the weft is thrown the pile warp threads C, are returned upward carrying the yweft thread G, with them, until the weft thread reaches and is stopped by ribbons 22,

forming the base of the shed thru which the weft thread has been passed. The ribbons 22 thus determine theheight of the pile loop of the upper cloth. When the pile loop for the lower cloth is formed, heddle 17 carries pile warp thread F, thru the spaces between the ribbons 22, and above the ribbons, so that the pile warp thread F and the ribbons 22 form a ile shed P. Thru this shed, the shuttle 2 passes a pile weft thread H. The ribbons 22 now provide a 'race for the upper shuttle 27 and form a base for the pile shed P', also 'supporting the pile weft H 1n its position, (see Figs. 2 and 4), and so determine the height of the pile loop of the lower cloth. It will thus be seen that the height of the ribbons 22, determines the height of the. pile loops of the respective fabrics and that variations in the height of the pile loops may be made by providing another set of ribbons and suitably altering their height.

Means are rovided for inserting a single loose ick lil ing weft in the pile loops of each abric, so that the ile loops of both fabrics issue unconnecte from each other across the face of the fab-ric so that the pile wefts of one fabric are not connected to the ground of the same fabric.

As shown in the drawings, (Figs. 1 to 5) the weft thread G, carried by shuttle 28, is normally assed n thru suitably `formed ground she s so as to provide ground wefts for the ound of the lower fabric. When the pile oops for the upper fabric are to be formed', t-he ground threads, D, E, of the lower fabric are then moved out of the path of travel of this weft thread G (see Fig. 1) ,A

and the weft is now passed only thru the pile shed P. It thus becomes-a pile weft for v the upper cloth. After this it resumes its of the lower fabric. When these pile loops for the lower fabric are to be formed, above the ribbons 22, the upper ground threads A, `B, are then moved out of the path of weft thread H, so that the thread only passes thru the pile shed P (see Fig. 2), so as to form onl Ka ile weft for the lower fabric, after Whlch t e weft thread H, resumes` its passage thru the ground sheds, so as to form ground wefts for the upper fabric. In this way the ile wefts of both fabrics issue unconnecte from each other` and are not connected to their respective grounds. The pile loops of onefabric thus receive a loose pick we t thread, held in place by the ribbons 22, f

, wefts can be inserted at the base of the pile loop, according to the plan of weaving desired, two ground wefts being shown so woven in the base of the ile loop.

Means are provided w ereby the connections between the ground wefts of each fabric and the pile wefts of the op osite fabric, are formed in the selvages of tie fabrics in loops transverse to the plane of weaving of the weft threads and means are also rovided for severing the loops so former, so that the loose pick filling wefts for the pile loo s may thereafter be readily Withdrawn.

inder threads are provided for each fabric, ateach selvage of the fabrics, the binder threads running in the direction of the Warps (see Fig. 9). These binder threads prefera-bl consist of pairs' of binder threads L, for eac selvage o the u per fabric, and pairs of binder threads M fdr each selva e of the lower fabric. The selva es of the abrics in which the binder threa s operate, are not provided with pile warp threads.

As shown in the drawings (see Fig. 9) the binder threads are sup lied from the rear of the loom under suita le'tension from the let-off beams (not shown), the threads L of the upper fabric passing thru eye 29 iu heddle 30, and the threads M, of the lower fabric assing thru eye 31, heddle 32 (see Figure 9).

eddie 30 carrying binder threads L. is mounted on the same harness franic that carries heddles 15, thru which pileI warp threads C for the upper .fabric pass, and heddle 32, carrying binder threads M of the lower fabric, is mounted in and actuated by the same harness frame operating heddle 17, thru the eye of which the pile warp thread F ofthe lower fabric passes. By these means' upper binder threads L are operated with and similarly to upper pile warp threads C, and

lower binder threads M, are operated in the same manner as lower pile war threads F.

When the pile warp threads of the upper fabric arecarried belowthe ribbons22, to

form pile shed P, the binder threads L, one on the inside and one on the outside of each continues passing the weft thread G, thru ground sheds as a ground weft for the lower v fabric.` When the pile threads C, are rcturned upward, above t-he ribbons, the binder threads L, are also carried upward by their .similarly operating heddle. The binder threads engaging the weft thread G, carry it upwardand then out of itsnormal plane of travel.. The inner and outer binder threads L, thus serve to carry upward the n portion ofthe weft G, extending over the width of the selvage when it is passed thrul the pile loops for the upper fabric. At the edge of the selvage, the weft-is allowed to dro and resume its function as a ground we thread for the lower fabric. When the pile loopsfor the lower fabric are to be formed, pile Awarp threads F, are carried above the ribbons 22, and the binder threads M, are carried up with the pile warp threads.

The upper shuttle 27, then 'passes weft thread H, thru the pile shed P', and beneath the binder threads M, in the selvages of the fabrics. The subsequent return of the pile warp threads Fand the binder threads M will carry weft thread H, downward with them, out of its normal path of travel. The binder threads thus operate to form a transverse loop of the weft threads in the selvage of they fabrics, from the point where they leave the pile loops of one fabric to the point where they enter the ground sheds of the other fabrics (see Figs. 1() to 12). i

Means are provided for severing the transverse loops formed of the weft threads by the binder threads, so that the pile weft threads may be readily withdrawn.

As the fabrics are woven and beaten up,

. they advance thru the loom and pass off the free ends .22a of the ribbons 22, to their respective take-up rollers 33, 34. The pile `weft of one cloth being only connected to the ground wefts of the opposite fabric at the selva es'of the fabric, the fabrics after leaving t e ribbons 22, will separate across their)faces, one from the other (see Figure 3 l As shown in the drawings (see Figs. 6 and 12) a right-angled temple 35, is provided at each side of the loom. Each temple is provided with ahorizontally projecting pointed, finger 36. The projecting linger 36, is arranged in the path of the selvages of the fabrics. As theu fabrics are advanced, the finger 36, enters the transverse loops formed in the pile weft threads, so that the loops pass around the fingers 36, and pass along them as the fabricsI advance, (see Figs. 10 to 12). The outside joint of each right-angled temple is sharpened, so that when the loops reach the joint, they will be severed. The ground weft threads for the fabrics lie in their respective horizontal planes (see Figs. 10 to 12) and consequently do not pass around the finger 36, the ground wefts for the upper fabric passing above the finger and the ground wefts for the lower fabric passing below the finger. Thus only the connection between the ground weft and the pile weft is .severed by the sharpened joint of the temple 35. The ground weft is left intact. The

pile weft thread may then be easily Withdrawn from the pile loops of the finished fabrics. p

Coming now to the' method of introducing ground warps and pile warps above and below the fabric separating ribbons so as to insert one or more ground wefts in the ground of fabric at the base of the pile loop and to insert a loose weft in the top of the pile loop of the same fabric, it will be understood that any desired distribution of pile warp threads and ground warp threads may be employed and thee ground wefts may be inserted as desired. As -shown in the drawings, the ground warp threads A, B, of the upper fabric and the ground warp threads -D, E of thelower fabric are suitably manipulated to` form a succession of ground sheds (see Figures 3 and 4), thru which shuttles 27 and 28, pass weft threads H and G, respectively. A

After a plurality of ground wefts are passed thru ground sheds in each fabric (three ground wefts being shown in the drawings), the upper ground threads A and B, are

formedinto a ground shed for the upper fabf ric, thru which shuttle 27 passes weft thread H. The pile warp threads C of the same upper fabric are carried between the spaces in ribbons 22, and below the ribbons, so as to form a pile shed of the pile warp threads C and the ribbons 22. The ground threads D, E, of

lthe lower fabric are moved. out of the path of travel of lower weft thread G. The shuttle 28, passes weft thread G, thru the pile shed P, at the same time that shuttle 27 passes weft thread H, thru a ground shed for the same fabric (see Figure l) The pile warp threads C are then carried upward by the reciprocation of their heddles 15, and carry the weft thread G upward with the pile loops, until they reach and are stopped by ribbons 22. i

The ground threads D, E, of the lower fabric are then formed inl a ground shed thru which this weft thread G, is now passed by shuttle 28, and the pile lwarp threads F, of the lower fabric are carried between the spaces and above the ribbons 22, and the ground warp threads A, B, of the upper cloth are moved out ofthe path of travel of upper weft thread H. The pile war threads F and the ribbons 22, now form a pi e shed P', thru which the upper shuttle 27 passes weft thread H, at the same time shuttle 28, is passing weft thread G, thru a ground shed formed of the ground threads of the same fabric (see Figure 2). The shuttle 27, when passing thru the pile shed l see Fig. 4, travels alon a race now formed by the ribbons 22. Aer this the heddles carryin the thread F, are returneddownward, t e ile threads formin a loop for the lower fa ric, about the we thread HfA The weft`thread H, is supported upon and bythe ribbons 22. VThe pile loops vfor each cloth havingv thus been formed each with an inserted loose pile weft, the weavin of the grounds `of both fabricsjs continue When the pile weft is passed thru the respective pile loops, the coacting binder threads in the selvages operate as above described to forma loop of the weft threads transverse to l their normal plane, between the point where the pile weft leaves the pile shed of o-ne fabric and where it passes thruthe ground shed of the other fabric.

Asi the weaving proceeds the fabrics are beaten up in the usual manner and advanced thru the loom. Before the fabrics reach the free ends of ribbons 22, on their way to their respective take-up rolls, the transverse loops of the weft threads pass uponthe fingers of the temples at each selvage. As the fabrics pass further forward the transverse loops sliding along the lingers are severed as they reach the right-angled joint in the temples, as above described, thus com leting the separation of the fabrics and a lowing the pile lweft thread to be readily withdrawn, as by It will be understood that one embodiment of the invention has been shown and described and that changes may be made in the loom and.

method without departing from the principles of the invention. t

Claims: l

1. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics, face to face, at the same time, includin in combination, vertically incompressible fa ric separating and -ile weft supportin ribbons,

t the eight of said ribbons dbterminin the height of the pile of both fabrics, sai ribbons extending engthwise of the loom and betweenlthe two fabrics, means for supplying ground warp,

pile warp and weft threads for each fabric,"

and means for weavin said fabrics above and below and intcrme iate the ends of the said ribbons.

Aplying ground warp and 4face to face, at the same time, includin 1n combination, vertically incompressible fa ric separating and ile weft supportinnr ribbons, of greater heiO" t than width, the theight of said ribbons djetermining the height of the pile of both fabrics, the said ribbons extending between and parallel to the ath of travel of the fabrics, means for supp ying ground warp and ile warp threads for each fabric, means for forming sheds consisting of the pile threads of each fabric and the ribbons, and means for lpassing a pile weft thread thru the sheds so formed.

y 3. A loom for, 'weaving double pile fabrics face to face, at the same time, including in combination, vertically incompressible stationary, fabric separating and lile weft supporting ribbons, of greater heig t than width, the he1ght of said ribbons determining the height of the pile of both fabrics, means for supplying round warp and ile warp threads to each n a ric, a shuttle a apted to pass a Iweft thread above and intermediate the ends of said ribbons, anothershuttle adapted to pass a weft-thread below and intermediate the ends of said ribbons, means for forming a shed of the ground threads of one fabric, means for formin a second shed of the pile warp threads of t ie same fabric and ribbons and means for simultaneously passing one shuttle thru the former shed and the other shuttle thru the latter shed, so as to simultaneously rovide a weft thread for the ground an a. weft thread for the pile loops of the same fabric. i

4. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics face to face at the same time, includin a plurality of spaced, vertically incompressible, metallic ribbons, exten-ding lengthwise of the loom andbetween the fabrics, means for suppile warp threa s for each fabric, an upper s uttle and a lower shuttle, means for passing the pile warp threads of the up er fabric'below said ribbons to form` a slied with the ribbons thru which the lower shuttle is adapted to pass a ile weft thread, and means for raisin the -pi e warp threads of the lower fabric a ve said ribbon to form a shed with the ribbons, thru which the u per shuttle is ada ted to pass a ile weft t read,.the ribbons orming a stop or the pileweft thread of the upper fabricandV a su port for the pile weft thread bot fabrics, a transverse bar for the 'rlbbons in the rear of the loom, means for anchorin said ribbons to. said bar, thel ribbons exten ing lengthwise of the loom, between the fabia'o rics parallel to their path of travel, and having free ends, means for supplying ground warp, pile warp and weft thread to said fabrics and a pair of shuttles throwing the wefts of the fabrics above and below and intermedia-te the ends ofsaid ribbons.

6. A loom for weaving double p-ile fabrics including in combination, a notched crossbar extending transverse of the loom, a transverse i lo bar, a plurality of metallic ribbons secured to said transverse bar and lengthwise of the .loom and `passing thru the notches in said crossbar, the notches being of the same width as the ribbons, thereby holding the ribbons vertically rigid and stationary, the said ribbons extending between the fabrics, means for supplying ground warp, pile warp and weft threads for the fabrics and means for weaving the fabrics, above and below and intermediate the ends of said ribbons.

7. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics, including a reed, provided with dents in combination with a plurality of ribbons, whose height determines the height of the pile of bothfabrics, a notched cross-bar mounted in the rear of the loom,'the number of notches in said cross-bar being equal to the number/of dents in said reed and arranged in registering I relation thereto, they said ribbons passing loom and having free ends between the fab` rics, means for supplying ground warp and pile warp threads and means for supplying ground weft and pile weft threads for the abrics, means for weaving the fabrics above and below and intermediate the ends of said ribbons, means for forming loops in the pile weft threads transverse to the plane of said weft threads and means for severing the said t weft loops.

9. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics, including in combination, a plurality of verticall mcompressible ribbons, extending lengt wise of the loom between the fabrics,

means for supplying ground warp `and pile warp threads, means for supplying ground weft and pile weft threads, for the fabrics,

, means for' weaving the fabrics, above and below and intermediate the ends of said ribbons, means for forming loops in the weft threads between the pile of each fabric and the ground of the opposite fabric transverse l to the plane of said weft threads, said means comprising a pair of binder warp threads arranged in each selvage of each fabric, and means for severing the loops so formed.

10. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics, including in combination, a plurality of vertically incompressible ribbons, extending lengthwise of the loom between the fabrics, means for'supplying ground warp an pile warp threads and means for supplying ground weft and pile weft threads for the fabrics, means for weaving the fabrics above and below and intermediate the ends of said ribbons, a plurality of binder warp threads for each fabric, said binder threads being raised and lowered in unison with the pile warp threads of their respective fabrics, so as to lform loops in the weft threads between the pile of each fabric and the ground of the opposite fabric, transverse to the plane of the weft threads, and means for severing the loops so formed.

11. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics, including in combination, a plurality of vertically incompressible ribbons, extende ing lengthwise of the loom between the fabrics, means for supplying ground warp and pile warp threads, and means for supplying ground weft and pile weft threads for the fabrics, means for weaving. the fabrics above and below and intermediate the ends of the ribbons, a plurality of binder warp threads for each fabric, said binder threads forming loops in said weftthreadsbetween the pile of each fabric and the ground of the opposite fabric transverse to the plane of the weft threads, and means forward of the loom, the said means adapted to enter the loops in the weft threads and hold them distended, and means for. cutting the said loops.`

12. A vloom for weaving double pilefabrics, including in combination, a plurality of its vertically incompressible ribbons, extending lengthwise of the loom between the fabrics,

means for supplying ground warp and pile warp threads and means for supplying ground weft and pile weft threads for the fabrics, means for weaving the fabrics above and below and intermediate the ends of said ribbons, a plurality of binder warp threads for said fabrics, the binder threads being adapted to form loops in the weft threads between the pile of each fabric and the ground of the opposite fabric transverse to the plane of the weft threads, a pair of temples secured to each side of the loom near the ends of the said ribbons, said temples each having a projecting finger adapted to enter the loops formed in the pile weft threads, a'nd means for severing the said loops.

13. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics, including in combination, a plurality of vertically incompressible ribbons extending lengthwise of the loom between the fabrics and having free ends, means for supplying ground warp and pile warp threads and means for supplying ground weft and pile weft threads for each fabric, means for weaving the fabrics above and below and intermediate the end of said ribbons, a plurality of binder warp threads for each fabric adapted to form loops in the weft threads between the pile of each fabric and the ground of the opposite fabric transverse to the plane of thc weft threads, a pair of take-up rollers, one for each finished fabric, and a pair of right-angled temples, each with a rejecting finger adapted to enter the pile weftl loops, said temples and fingers being arranged near the free ends of the ribbons. v

14. The method of pile weaving two fabf rics, face to face', one above the other, at the same time, above and below a vertically incompressible fabric se arating and pile weft supporting means, an intermediate its ends each of said fabrics having ground warp threads and pile warp threads,which consists in weaving one of said'fabrics by forming a Shed of the two series of ground warp threads of one fabric, passing a ground weft thru said shed, at the same time `forming another shed of the pile warp threads only of the Same fabric and the vertically inconlpressible weft supporting-means, and passin a weft for the said pile warp threads,wit1in said latter shed so formed thus forming pile loo s in said fabric each with an inserted we t. v

15. The method of pile Weaviiw two fabrics one above the other, face to face, at the same time, above and below an unyielding fabric Vseparating; and the pile weft supporting means, each of said fabrics havin ground warp threads and pile warp threa s, which consists in forming a shed of the two series of ground warp threads of the first fabric, ass-k ing a first thread thru said shed so as to orm a ground weft, at the same time, forming a second shed of the pile warp threads of the first fabric and the unyielding weft supporting means, passin a second thread thru said second shed thus orming a pile weft for said pile warp threads, then forming a third shed 0f the two series of ground warp threads of the said fabric, assing said second thread thru said third siied so as to form a ground weft for said second fabric, and simultaneously forming a fourth shed of the'pile warp threads of the second fabric and the weft supporting means, and passing the first thread thru said fourth she 16. The method of pile weavin ltwo fahbrics one above the other, face to ace, at the same time, above and below vertically incompressible fabric separating and 11e weft supporting means, each of said'fabrlcs having ground warp threads and pile warp threads, which consists in formin a shed of the two series of ground warp t reads of the first fabric, passing a first thread thru said shed,

so as to' form a ground weft, at the same time forming a second shed' of the `pile warp `threads the first' fabric and the fabric s eparating and weft supporting means, passing a second thread thru "said second shed thus forming a pile weft for said pile warp threads, then forming a third shed of the two series of ground warp threads of the second fabric, passing said second thread thru said third shed, so as to form a ground weft for the second fabric, thereby connecting the pile weft of first fabric with the ground weft of the second fabric, simultaneously forming a fourth shed of the pile warp threads of the same time, above and below vertically incom.

pressible fabric separating and pile weft supportino'I means, each of said fabrics havin ground Warp and pile warp threads, whic consists in forming a first shed of the two series of ground warp threads of the first fabric, passing a first thread thru said shed, so as to form a ground weft, at the same time forming a second shed lof the pile warp threads Yof the first fabric and the fabric separating and weft supporting means, assing a second thread thru said second she so as to provide a single pile weft for the pile warp threads, then forming a third shed of the two series of ground warp threads of the second fabric, passing said second thread thru said third shed, so as form a ground weft for said second fabric and thereby connecting the pile weft thread of the first fabric to the ground weft of the second fabric, and simultaneousl forming a fourth'shed of the pile warp threads of the second fabric and the weft supporting means, and passing the first thread thru said fourth shed so as to form a'single weft for the pile warp threads of the second fabric, and also connecting the ile weft of the second, fabric to the groun weft of the first fabric and thereafter cutting the connections so formed and withdrawing the loose pile wefts from the pile loops of each fabric.v

18. Steps in the method of pile weaving two fabrics face to face, at thesame time, above and below fabric se arat'ing and pile weft supporting ribbons, a ove which a weft thread 1s adapted to be passed and below which another weft thread is' passed, which consists in forming a round shed between pile weft, moving the ground warp threads of the second fabric out of the path of traverse of the latter pile weft thread, so that the pile weft thread will not then be woven into the ground of the second fabric; n 19. The method of pile weaving two fabries, face to face at the same time, above and below unyielding fabric separating and pile' threadsrespectively thru the ground shed of one fabric and the pile sheds of the'other fabric, and weaving binder threads in the selvages of each fabric, operating the binder threads of each fabric so that they form transverse loo s in the weft threads between the ground o one fabric and the pile of the second fabric, and thereafter cutting the loops .so formed.

In testimony whereof, I haye signed my name to this specification.

HENRY HOWARD. 

